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Review of the direct thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for liquid fuels

Jianchun JIANG,Junming XU,Zhanqian SONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 13-27 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015050

摘要： Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels from non-food resources. Thermochemical approaches hold great potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels. Direct thermochemical processes convert biomass into liquid fuels in one step using heat and catalysts and have many advantages over indirect and biological processes, such as greater feedstock flexibility, integrated conversion of whole biomass, and lower operation costs. Several direct thermochemical processes are employed in the production of liquid biofuels depending on the nature of the feedstock properties: such as fast pyrolysis/liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-oil, including upgrading methods, such as catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Owing to the substantial amount of liquid fuels consumed by vehicular transport, converting biomass into drop-in liquid fuels may reduce the dependence of the fuel market on petroleum-based fuel products. In this review, we also summarize recent progress in technologies for large-scale equipment for direct thermochemical conversion. We focus on the technical aspects critical to commercialization of the technologies for production of liquid fuels from biomass, including feedstock type, cracking catalysts, catalytic cracking mechanisms, catalytic reactors, and biofuel properties. We also discuss future prospects for direct thermochemical conversion in biorefineries for the production of high grade biofuels.

关键词： lignocellulosic biomass     thermochemical     liquid fuels     upgrading     biofuels    

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Experimental study and product analysis of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis under extremely low acids

WANG Shurong, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa, ZHUANG Xinshu

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 268-272 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0046-x

摘要： Using our self-designed facility for lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis under extremely low acid, and under the optimal reaction conditions of hemicellulose and cellulose determined by xylan and quantitative filter paper as the model, two-step dilute acid hydrolysis was carried out in detail on pine, fast-growing poplar and maize straw. The corresponding conversion ratio is 41.78%, 57.84% and 53.44% and the total reducing sugar conversion ratio is 39.28%, 42.83% and 23.82% respectively. Simultaneously, sugar component analysis of the products was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and monosaccharide and oligosaccharide content were compared. Finally, poplar hydrolysis residues were analyzed by proximate and ultimate analysis.

关键词： HPLC     oligosaccharide     lignocellulosic     chromatography     reducing    

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Crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery

Maria Carolina ANDRADE, Caio de Oliveira GORGULHO SILVA, Leonora Rios de SOUZA MOREIRA, Edivaldo Ximenes FERREIRA FILHO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 224-245 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0730-7

摘要： Interest in lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies has increased recently because of their potential to reduce the dependency on non-renewable feedstocks. Residues from a variety of crops are the major source of lignocellulose, which is being produced in increasingly large quantities worldwide. The commercial exploitation of crop residues as feedstocks for biorefineries which could be used to produce a variety of goods such as biofuels, biochemicals, bioplastics, and enzymes is an attractive approach not only for adding value to residues but also for providing renewable products required by the expanding bioeconomy market. Moreover, the implementation of biorefineries in different regions has the potential to add value to the specific crop residues produced in the region. In this review, several aspects of crop residue application in biorefineries are discussed, including the role of crop residues in the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts, the main technical aspects of crop residue conversion in biorefineries, the main crop residues generated in different regions of the world and their availability, the potential value-added bioproducts that can be extracted or produced from each crop residue, and the major advantages and challenges associated with crop residue utilization in biorefineries. Despite their potential, most biomass refining technologies are not sufficiently advanced or financially viable. Several technical obstacles, especially with regard to crop residue collection, handling, and pre-treatment, prevent the implementation of biorefineries on a commercial scale. Further research is needed to resolve these scale-up-related challenges. Increased governmental incentives and bioeconomic strategies are expected to boost the biorefinery market and the cost competitiveness of biorefinery products.

关键词： crop residue     biorefinery     bioproduct     biomass     circular bioeconomy     enzyme    

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Ball milling promoted direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass in supercritical ethanol

Chunyan Yang, Xiaoliang Yuan, Xueting Wang, Kejing Wu, Yingying Liu, Changjun Liu, Houfang Lu, Bin Liang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 605-613 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1841-0

摘要： In the present work, ball milling was applied for the pretreatment of lignocellulose to obtain high conversion and bio-oil yield in supercritical ethanol. Ball milling substantially decreased the crystallinity and particle size of lignocellulose, thereby improving its accessibility in ethanol solvent. An increased bio-oil yield of 59.2% was obtained for the ball milled camphorwood sawdust at 300°C, compared with 39.6% for the original lignocellulose. Decreased crystallinity significantly benefited the conversion of the cellulose component from 60.8% to 91.7%, and decreased particle size was beneficial for the conversion of all components. The obtained bio-oil had a high phenolic content, as analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methoxylation and retro-aldol condensation were observed during alcoholysis, and the reaction pathways of lignocellulose in supercritical ethanol were attributed to the action of free radicals.

关键词： ball milling     lignocellulose     supercritical ethanol     liquefaction     bio-oil    

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Hydro-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass over alumina supported Platinum, Mo

Songbo He, Jeffrey Boom, Rolf van der Gaast, K. Seshan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 155-161 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1655-x

摘要： In-line hydro-treatment of bio-oil vapor from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (hydro-pyrolysis of biomass) is studied as a method of upgrading the liquefied bio-oil for a possible precursor to green fuels. The nobel metal (Pt) and non-noble metal catalysts (Mo C and WC) were compared at 500 °C and atmospheric pressure which are same as the reaction conditions for fast pyrolysis of biomass. Results indicated that under the pyrolysis conditions, the major components, such as acids and carbonyls, of the fast pyrolysis bio-oil can be completely and partially hydrogenated to form hydrocarbons, an ideal fossil fuel blend, in the hydro-treated bio-oil. The carbide catalysts perform equally well as the Pt catalyst regarding to the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon formation (ca. 60%), showing the feasibility of using the cheap non-noble catalysts for hydro-pyrolysis of biomass.

关键词： bio-oil     pyrolysis     hydro-deoxygenation (HDO)     non-noble metal catalysts     hydro-treatment    

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木质纤维素类生物质热解实现碳中和工业应用的关键问题

张书, 邹侃, 李斌, Hojae Shim, 黄勇

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第29卷 第10期   页码 35-38 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.015

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Research progress on hydrothermal dissolution and hydrolysis of lignocellulose and lignocellulosic waste

Yan ZHAO, Wenjing LU, Jiajun CHEN, Xiangfeng ZHANG, Hongtao WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 151-161 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0607-z

摘要： Ethanol production from lignocellulosic waste has attracted considerable attention because of its feasibility and the generation of valuable products. Previous studies have shown that pretreatment and hydrolysis are key processes for lignocellulose conversion. Hydrothermal process is a promising technique because of its efficiency to break down the lignocellulosic structures and produce fermentable hexoses. Most studies in this field have therefore focused on understanding these processes or optimizing the parameters, but commonly reported low yields of fermentable hexoses. The inability to produce high yields of fermentable hexoses is mainly attributed to inadequate information on the conversion mechanisms of lignocellulose, particularly the reaction rules of dissolution, which is a limiting step in the entire conversion process. This paper critically reviewed the progress done in the research and development of the hydrothermal dissolution and hydrolysis of lignocellulose. Principles, processes, and related studies on separate dissolution and asynchronous hydrolysis of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose are presented. Potential research prospects are also suggested.

关键词： lignocellulosic waste     hydrothermal conversion     separate dissolution     asynchronous hydrolysis     mechanism    

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生物质原料的组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用

陈洪章,邱卫华,王岚

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第3期   页码 27-36

摘要：

在充分认知生物质原料在化学成分、结构组成、酶解及发酵性能上的不均一性的基础上，提出“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”的生物质炼制新途径，即最大限度保持生物质大分子原有结构、尽可能激活适于酶解组分的生物活性，同时实现中间产物最大价值化。基于生物质原料特性、转化过程和产品要求的关联，笔者创新性地构建了多条生物质炼制产业链，验证了生物质“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”的生物质炼制工业技术体系的可行性、合理性和可靠性。“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”是突围生物质炼制生物燃料、生物材料和生物化学品的经济技术问题的必由之路。

关键词： 生物炼制     原料不均一性     组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用     工业技术体系    

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木质纤维原料制乙醇原料预处理技术

靳胜英,张福琴,张礼安

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第11期   页码 82-88

摘要：

从预处理的必要性出发，论述了木质纤维原料的预处理技术，分析了主要预处理技术的特点和处理纤维质原料的效果，并对未来预处理技术的发展方向提出了建议，供从事木质纤维素制乙醇的研究人员参考。

关键词： 木质纤维原料     乙醇     预处理技术    

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Optimization of microwave pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste for enhancing methane production: Hyacinth

Bai-Hang Zhao, Jie Chen, Han-Qing Yu, Zhen-Hu Hu, Zheng-Bo Yue, Jun Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0965-z

摘要： The effect of microwave pretreatment on the anaerobic degradation of hyacinth was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The components of lignin and the other constituents of hyacinth were altered by microwave pretreatment. Comparison of the near-infrared spectra of hyacinth pretreated by microwave irradiation and water-heating pretreatment revealed that no new compounds were generated during hyacinth pretreatment by microwave irradiation. Atomic force microscopy observations indicated that the physical structures of hyacinth were disrupted by microwave pretreatment. The yield of methane per gram of the microwave-irradiated substrate increased by 38.3% as compared to that of the substrate pretreated via water-heating. A maximum methane yield of 221 mL·g-sub was obtained under the optimum pretreatment conditions (substrate concentration (PSC) = 20.1 g·L and pretreatment time (PT) = 14.6 min) using RSM analysis. A maximum methane production rate of 0.76 mL·h ·g-sub was obtained by applying PSC= 9.5 g·L and PT= 11 min. Interactive item coefficient analysis showed that methane production was dependent on the PSC and PT, separately, whereas the interactive effect of the PSC and PT on methane production was not significant. The same trend was also observed for the methane production rate.

关键词： Microwave pretreatment     Response surface methodology     Methane production     Hyacinth     Anaerobic digestion    

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Will biomass be used for bioenergy or transportation biofuels?What drivers will influence biomass allocation

Jinguang HU, William James CADHAM, Susan van DYK, Jack N. SADDLER

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 473-481 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017168

摘要： Potential competition for biomass for current and future bioenergy/biofuel uses in Brazil, Denmark, Sweden and the USA were compared. In each of these countries, bioenergy and biofuels are already important in their energy mix. However, there is limited competition for biomass between bioenergy (heat/power/residential/industrial) and transportation biofuel applications. This situation is likely to continue until advanced biofuel technology becomes much more commercially established. In each of these countries, biomass is predominantly used to produce bioenergy, even in those regions where biofuels are significant component of their transportation sector (Brazil, Sweden and USA). The vast majority of biofuel production continues to be based on sugar, starch and oil rich feedstocks, while bioenergyis produced almost exclusively from forest biomass with agricultural biomass having a small, but increasing, secondary role. Current and proposed commercial scale biomass-to-ethanol facilities almost exclusively use agriculture derived residues (corn stover/wheat straw/sugarcane bagasse). Competition for biomass feedstocks for bioenergy/biofuel applications, is most likely to occur for agricultural biomass with coproduct lignin and other residues used to concomitantly produce heat and electricity on site at biofuel production facilities.

关键词： bioenergy     biofuel     biomass     renewable energy policy    

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NUMERICAL MODELING OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION USING COW DUNG AS FEEDSTOCK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 458-467 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023500

摘要：

● Gasification of cow dung was evaluated using Aspen Plus software.

关键词： Aspen Plus     biomass gasification     manure of livestock and poultry     simulation     syngas    

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Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 817-829 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2254-z

摘要： Amino acids are important nitrogen-containing chemicals that have a variety of applications. Currently, fermentation is the widely employed method to produce amino acids; however, the products are mostly limited to natural amino acids in the L-configuration. Catalytic synthesis is an alternative approach for the synthesis of amino acids with different types and configurations, where the use of renewable biomass-based feedstocks is highly attractive. To date, several lignocellulose and triacylglycerol-derived intermediates, typically α-keto acids and α-hydroxyl acids, have been transformed into amino acids via the amination reaction in the presence of additional nitrogen sources (i.e., NH3·H2O). Making full use of inherent nitrogen in biomass (i.e., chitin and protein) to produce amino acids avoids the use of extra nitrogen sources and meets the requirements of green chemistry, which is attracting increasing attention. In this review, we summarize different chemical-catalytic systems for the transformation of biomass to amino acids. An outlook on the challenges and opportunities for more effective production of amino acids from biomass by catalytic methods is provided.

关键词： biomass     amino acids     chitin     nitrogen-containing compounds     lignocellulose    

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Latest advances in ionic liquids promoted synthesis and application of advanced biomass materials

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 798-816 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2316-x

摘要： The utilization of sustainable resources provides a path to relieving the problem of dependence on fossil resources. In this context, biomass materials have become a feasible substitute for petroleum-based materials. The development of biomass materials is booming and advanced biomass materials with various functional properties are used in many fields including medicine, electrochemistry, and environmental science. In recent years, ionic liquids have been widely used in biomass pretreatments and processing owing to their “green” characteristics and adjustable physicochemical properties. Thus, the effects of ionic liquids in biomass materials generation require further study. This review summarizes the multiple roles of ionic liquids in promoting the synthesis and application of advanced biomass materials as solvents, structural components, and modifiers. Finally, a prospective approach is proposed for producing additional higher-quality possibilities between ionic liquids and advanced biomass materials.

关键词： biomass materials     functional materials     ionic liquids     synthesis     structure-property relationship    

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Construction of sustainable, colored and multifunctional protein silk fabric using biomass riboflavin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1131-1139 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2321-0

摘要： Riboflavin sodium phosphate has been confirmed as a promising biomass product derived from natural plants. In this paper, a novel method of dyeing and multifunctional modification of silk fabric by impregnation with riboflavin sodium phosphate was proposed, such that protein silk fabric can be endowed with bright yellow color and multi-functionality. The results of this paper confirmed that the pH and concentration of riboflavin sodium phosphate solution are critical factors for dyeing and multifunctional modification. Attractively, the photochromic performance was one of the most distinctive features of the modified silk fabric, and the dyed silk fabric turned into fluorescent green from original yellow under 365 nm ultraviolet lamp. Furthermore, the modified silk fabric exhibited good antibacterial properties with a high inhibition rate of 92% for Escherichia coli. Besides, the flame retardancy of silk fabric was significantly improved after modification. The damaged length of modified silk fabric with 40% owf riboflavin sodium phosphate was lower than 10.4 cm and passed the B1 classification. As revealed by the result of this paper, riboflavin sodium phosphate is sufficiently effective in serving as an eco-friendly multifunctional agent for strengthening the add-value of silk textiles.

关键词： biomass     riboflavin sodium phosphate     silk protein     multifunctional modification     flame retardant    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Review of the direct thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for liquid fuels

Jianchun JIANG,Junming XU,Zhanqian SONG

期刊论文

Experimental study and product analysis of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis under extremely low acids

WANG Shurong, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa, ZHUANG Xinshu

期刊论文

Crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery

Maria Carolina ANDRADE, Caio de Oliveira GORGULHO SILVA, Leonora Rios de SOUZA MOREIRA, Edivaldo Ximenes FERREIRA FILHO

期刊论文

Ball milling promoted direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass in supercritical ethanol

Chunyan Yang, Xiaoliang Yuan, Xueting Wang, Kejing Wu, Yingying Liu, Changjun Liu, Houfang Lu, Bin Liang

期刊论文

Hydro-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass over alumina supported Platinum, Mo

Songbo He, Jeffrey Boom, Rolf van der Gaast, K. Seshan

期刊论文

木质纤维素类生物质热解实现碳中和工业应用的关键问题

张书, 邹侃, 李斌, Hojae Shim, 黄勇

期刊论文

Research progress on hydrothermal dissolution and hydrolysis of lignocellulose and lignocellulosic waste

Yan ZHAO, Wenjing LU, Jiajun CHEN, Xiangfeng ZHANG, Hongtao WANG

期刊论文

生物质原料的组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用

陈洪章,邱卫华,王岚

期刊论文

木质纤维原料制乙醇原料预处理技术

靳胜英,张福琴,张礼安

期刊论文

Optimization of microwave pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste for enhancing methane production: Hyacinth

Bai-Hang Zhao, Jie Chen, Han-Qing Yu, Zhen-Hu Hu, Zheng-Bo Yue, Jun Li

期刊论文

Will biomass be used for bioenergy or transportation biofuels?What drivers will influence biomass allocation

Jinguang HU, William James CADHAM, Susan van DYK, Jack N. SADDLER

期刊论文

NUMERICAL MODELING OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION USING COW DUNG AS FEEDSTOCK

期刊论文

Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

期刊论文

Latest advances in ionic liquids promoted synthesis and application of advanced biomass materials

期刊论文

Construction of sustainable, colored and multifunctional protein silk fabric using biomass riboflavin

期刊论文